Abstract Nanotechnology is the field of science that has achieved remarkable advances over the past few decades, enabling significant developments in biomedical, chemical, and environmental applications. The rapid expansion of nanomaterial research has led to the synthesis of a wide variety of nanoparticles and nanostructured materials with exceptional functional properties. However, alongside performance optimization, increasing attention is being directed toward the sustainability, environmental impact, and greenness of nanomaterial synthesis routes. Despite this growing concern, a standardized and user-friendly tool for simultaneously evaluating nanomaterial performance and green synthesis conditions is still lacking. In this work, we introduce the Nanomaterials Assessment Tool (NAT), a novel, open-access software, available at https://nattool.az3093.info/NanoTool, It is designed to systematically assess nanomaterials based on both their functional performance and the extent of greenness in their synthesis processes. NAT evaluates four main aspects: the nature of materials and reagents used, the sustainability of synthesis conditions, the properties of the synthesized nanomaterial, and its applicability. The tool consists of sixteen carefully designed evaluation questions with a quantitative scoring system with a maximum total score of 100 supported by visual illustrations. By providing a standardized assessment framework, NAT aims to encourage researchers to adopt green precursors, optimize eco-friendly synthesis strategies, and minimize environmental impact without compromising material performance. The tool is applicable to a wide range of nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, nanozymes, metal–organic frameworks, and nanocomposites.

17 - May - 2026

• Samer Khanji
• Reem Obaydo

A systematic survey of UWSN security challenges, comparing recent solutions in lightweight cryptography, key management, security protocols, and intrusion detection, while identifying research gaps and future trends

20 - August - 2025

• Nour Zahra

This paper proposes an enhanced routing protocol called INT-OLSR to improve the performance of Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs). The proposed protocol integrates the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm with the traditional OLSR protocol, incorporating node speed and distance between nodes to select the most stable routes. Simulations using the NS2 simulator show that INT-OLSR outperforms standard OLSR in terms of packet delivery ratio, throughput, and end-to-end delay.

20 - July - 2024

• Shiar Qarbouz

Managing wireless infrastructure is very essential and crucial after natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, landslides or man-made disasters such as wars. Rapid information gathering after a disaster helps in achieving effective communication management, as the pressure of users to maintain constant communication with family and friends causes bottlenecks and communication failures for other users. Device-to-device (D2D) communication technology reduces this pressure by relying on the proximity of users, thus increasing the efficiency of spectrum utilization. A many-to-many matching algorithm with an adaptive splitting factor and reuse factor was proposed for two scenarios and the results were evaluated using MATLAB simulation software. The results showed that the proposed algorithm outperforms the recently used Gale-Shapley matching algorithms in achieving effective management of radio resources in emergency situations, and it also succeeded in improving productivity and serving a larger number of users effectively.

1 - July - 2024

• Ghefar Alrefai

Managing wireless networks is crucial after natural disasters or conflicts, where communication systems often become overloaded due to high demand. Device-to-device (D2D) communication helps reduce network congestion by allowing nearby users to communicate directly, improving spectrum efficiency. A many-to-many matching algorithm with adaptive parameters was proposed and tested using MATLAB simulations. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the Gale-Shapley algorithm in managing radio resources during emergencies, improving efficiency and supporting a larger number of users

1 - July - 2024

• Ghefar Alrefai

1 - February - 2024

• Ammar Enabi

The Fuzzy Logic controller used as an additional signal in excitation systems of synchronous generators. it is characterized by control's easy and the design's possibility based on the knowledge of the designer by the electrical problem without knowing the exact mathematical model of the electrical system and has great capabilities to damping low-frequency electromagnetic and electromechanical oscillations.

7 - August - 2023

• Abir Aljarbouh
• Abir Aljarbouh

In this research, the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was used to reduce the disturbances in the synchronous generators, as it was chosen as an additional control unit to the excitation system for the synchronous generator because it contains several advantages compared to other classical controllers.

14 - February - 2023

• Abir Aljarbouh

1 - January - 2023

• Ammar Enabi

This research discusses the concept of diagonality in contemporary residential architecture during the 21st century and its role in shaping architectural spaces and creating more dynamic and innovative designs compared with traditional orthogonal architecture. The study focuses on different classifications and applications of diagonal forms in residential buildings, including: Floor plan organization Architectural facades Spatial mass composition Internal circulation and visual connectivity The paper examines how diagonal architectural elements influence: Spatial dynamism and movement Space utilization Natural lighting The aesthetic identity of contemporary residential architecture The research also presents contemporary architectural examples demonstrating how diagonal geometries have become important expressive and technological design tools in modern housing projects. In addition, it highlights the structural and construction challenges associated with implementing non-traditional diagonal forms in residential architecture

5 - June - 2022

• Zahraa Kattoua

The research seeks to identify the most important Motives that can help the designer to choose the appropriate formalist referencias for his design. And it tries to prove its importance and its impact on the formulation and formation of architecture and expressive images in it. And it occupies a Special position in the practice of architectural design, due to its connection to the stage of composition and the derivation of ideas within the design process. After examining and analyzing a variety of examples, And the research has suggested classifying them into five main Motives: (Motives belong to the designer – Motives belong to the project - Motives belong to the site - Motives belong to the society - other Motives). showing examples of each type of these Motives. In the end, the research concluded the multiplicity and diversity of Motives that help the designer choose his formalist referencias. And their role in bringing creative ideas. In addition to the importance of Motives that belong to the society (as vocabulary of architectural heritage), especially in Arab projects, where the percentage of its use reached 45% of the studied cases. The research also concluded that the designer can also take advantage of all Motives surrounding him, and depended on more than one referencia in his design. Through it, we can develop the design process, by formulating Curricula based on starting from these Motives as a strategy for creative architectural design. To choose the appropriate formalist referencia for the design problem faced by the designer, and to achieve the goals he seeks, In a manner consistent with the project data and requirements.

30 - March - 2022

• Heaven Alsheekh Hamo

1 - February - 2022

• Ammar Enabi

The research addresses vertical boxy buildings that emerged widely after the Industrial Revolution, focusing on height and function but often neglecting environmental and human aspects. These buildings have led to issues such as high energy consumption, poor natural ventilation and lighting, social isolation, and weak contextual integration. As a result, rethinking their forms has become necessary. The study analyzes recent morphological transformations such as zigzagging, stepping, and perforation of building masses aimed at improving environmental and functional performance. It concludes that most of these design modifications primarily target sustainability and performance enhancement, emphasizing the importance of linking form and function and avoiding repetitive designs without contextual evaluation.

18 - August - 2021

• Zahraa Kattoua

The rectifier was controlled using the Voltage Oriented Control (VOC) algorithm, employing three types of controllers within the MATLAB/Simulink environment: the PI controller, the Optimal controller, and the Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). The performance of these controllers was then tested under variations in system parameters and load current changes, comparing their robustness in overcoming these disturbances.

15 - July - 2021

• Ola Ibrahim

"A systematic survey of Depth-Based Routing (DBR) protocols in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs), classifying and comparing DBR variants (EEDBR, DBR-M, Adaptive DBR) based on energy efficiency, packet delivery ratio, and delay, while identifying open challenges and future research directions."

21 - June - 2021

• Nour Zahra

This paper proposes a novel energy-efficient routing protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) based on the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. Inspired by the foraging behavior of ants, artificial ants explore possible paths from underwater sensor nodes to surface sinks, depositing virtual pheromones that evaporate over time. The proposed protocol selects optimal routes based on multiple criteria: residual node energy, node depth, acoustic channel quality, and distance to the surface. Compared to traditional routing protocols (DBR, EEDBR), the ACO-based protocol demonstrates significant improvements in packet delivery ratio, reduced energy consumption per node, and balanced traffic load distribution, ultimately extending the overall network lifetime

1 - May - 2021

• Nour Zahra

This study examines the development of pyramidical formations in architecture from the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, focusing on how this architectural form evolved from a traditional concept into a modern design approach. The research explores the main reasons behind the use of pyramidal structures, including: Historical and symbolic significance of pyramid forms Structural stability and architectural balance Aesthetic and expressive design value It also highlights how pyramidical formations have been applied in modern architecture through: Residential and commercial buildings Large-scale architectural projects Contemporary symbolic architectural designs Furthermore, the study discusses how advances in engineering techniques and digital design tools have contributed to reviving and enhancing pyramidal forms, making them more flexible and adaptable in modern architectural practice.

1 - December - 2020

• Zahraa Kattoua

The research presents the subject of Sources of Formalist referencia in Architecture, and attempts to prove its strength and impact on the formulation and formation of architecture and expressive images in it. As an important subject associated with the practices of many architectural trends, whether that was explicitly stated or implicit. Architectural developments were characterized by different ideas and sources. The researchers considered that architecture is a expressive language and cultural product, which led them to consolidate the foundations of the relationship between form and meaning, trying to search for the appropriate sources of Formalist referencia for their designs. These sources occupy a Special position in the practice of architectural design, as they are closely related to the stage of composition and derivation of ideas within the design process. The research proposed to be classified into six main sources: (living organisms - universe and geography - language - Religious beliefs - previous buildings - human products), showing examples of each type of these sources.

14 - June - 2020

• Heaven Alsheekh Hamo

The design of two level power system stabilizer (PSS) controller is discussed in this article. First level is conventional PSS controller, while the second level is designed using following two methods: New Coordinated Fuzzy-PID controller and Distributed Time-Delay Neural Network (DTDNN) controller, Speed deviation and derivative of speed deviation of synchronous generator are taken as the input to the controller and voltage signal is the output of the controller.

16 - April - 2020

• Abir Aljarbouh

The research seeks to identify the goals that the designer can achieve when relying on formalist referencias in the practice of architectural design, and tries to prove its comprehensiveness for the multiple goals that the designer can seek, and its impact on the formulation and formation of architecture and expressive images in it. The research has proposed classifying it into six main goals: (formation and solving a functional problem - formation and solving a structural problem - compatibility with the surrounding environment - expressing a meaning intended by the designer - presenting unique and new ideas - finding economic solutions to the building). Examples are given for each of these goals. The research found that the goals that the designers achieved through the various formalist referencias that they adopted, covered the basic aspects of architecture. It covers Functional requirements, structural, aesthetic and economic requirements. It also affects the symbolic aspects of it.

1 - February - 2020

• Heaven Alsheekh Hamo

يعتبر الحفاظ على ثقافة وهوية المواقع التاريخية، أحد أهم أدوات نجاح عملية إعادة البناء أو الإحياء لتلك المواقع وخاصة المتضررة من الأزمات. وبالتوازي مع عمليات البناء والترميم المختلفة، فإن هندسة تنسيق المواقع تبقى حاضرة في أي عملية ومكملاً لها بما تقدمه من خدمات عامة تنسجم مع المحيط العمراني التقليدي، وتكون عاملاً داعماً في الحفاظ عليها وعلى هويتها الثقافية, وتتنوع بالخدمات التي تقدمها من بنى تحتيه وإنارة ومقاعد ومواد تغطية للطرقات والأرصفة والأعمال المعدنية والبوابات وطرائق الاعلان، وغيرها من العناصر الهامة التي تعتبر جزءاً رئيسياً من تاريخ المنطقة وعاداتها وتقاليدها وتراثها العمراني الذي يعود إلى آلاف السنين.

31 - December - 2019

• Mazen Samman

إن الاهتمام بالتراث الثقافي المرتبط بهوية المكان أصبح أولوية ضمن سياسات العديد من بلدان العالم, وخاصة بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية نتيجة الدمار الكبير الذي حصل للعديد من مراكز المدن التاريخية, ونتيجة لازدياد الوعي بأهميته, ومن خلال ما تمتلكه هذه المجتمعات من ثروات عظيمة من المفردات التراثية التي تعبر عن خصائصها المحلية, والوعي لدورها ومساهمتها الإيجابية في التنمية المستدامة, إضافة الى دور المنظمات الدولية العاملة في مجال التراث.

31 - December - 2019

• Mazen Samman

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحسّين الاستقرار والَتغلّب على مشاكل التحكم التقليدية مثل مثبّت استقرار نظام القدرة الكهربائية التقليدي(PSS)، أظهر تأثير التطبيق المتوازي لجهاز التحكم التناسبي التكاملي التفاضلي الغامض بإستعمال المحاكاة اللاخطّيِة في بيئة Matlab / Simulink أداءً جيداً في تخميد التأرجحات الحاصلة في نظام القدرة الكهربائي.

17 - December - 2019

• Abir Aljarbouh

In this thesis, had been sure of activity a power system stabilizer (PSS) in electrical power stations,(Banias station model) where had studied a network stability in tow states in two cases:with out power system stabilizer (PSS) and with power system stabilizer (PSS).

29 - May - 2019

• Abir Aljarbouh

1 - March - 2019

• Ammar Enabi

Two control algorithms for the rectifier were studied based on the Voltage Oriented Control (VOC) technique. Both algorithms were simulated using PSIM (Power Simulation) software, followed by a comparison of the results obtained from each algorithm.

10 - February - 2019

• Ola Ibrahim

31 - December - 2018

• Mohamed Muhi Eddin

22 - October - 2018

• Mohamed Muhi Eddin

1 - May - 2018

• Ammar Enabi

6 - February - 2018

• Magda Barmada

31 - December - 2017

• Adeeb Araj

The Demand of IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) services is growing significantly in the mobile communications industry. To support a large number of users with limited radio sources, the effective transmission technology for television content has to be developed. In this research, we suggest integration of static and dynamic segmenting algorithms for television content to improve QoS (Quality of Service) of VoD (Video on Demand) service over the IPTV wireless network in the LTE (Long Term Evolution) system. Performance have been evaluated by simulating the system using MATLAB, where the results have shown an improvement in performance of the proposed alogorithm; this improvement in performance have been evaluated in terms of BER and Delay time.

9 - September - 2017

• Ghefar Alrefai

IPTV (Internet Protocol Television) especially VoD (Video on Demand) will become winner technology in the near future .It was targeted to fixed terminals and developed for mobility support. So it’s very interesting topics how to deliver IPTV VOD service to a mobile subscriber by providing high QoS(Quality of Service) in 4G networks especially LTE(Long Term Evolution).The most important QoS parameters are bit error rate (BER) and delay time which make IPTV VoD service unsatisfied and not acceptable if they're under the limit. In this research, we have worked on enhancing chopping television content and setting in physical channels in LTE networks. Performance have been evaluated by simulating the system using MATLAB; where the results showed an improvement in performance of the proposed alogorithm; this improvement in performance have evaluated in terms of BER and Delay time

1 - August - 2017

• Ghefar Alrefai

17 - July - 2017

• Zahraa Kattoua

1 - February - 2017

• Magda Barmada

31 - December - 2016

• Adeeb Araj

This research work addressed laboratory study for biological treatment of phenol. Figuring phenol disintegration will give an idea of biodegradation of most organic chemicals since it is included in the composition of most of them. Biological treatment is considered one of the effective and economic ways to address phenol treatment by biodegradation as compared with high cost methods of physical and chemical processing. The method is of low efficiency when applied to high concentrations, in addition to formation of secondary compounds that may be more dangerous than the target material The study focused on use of three isolates, i.e.

30 - November - 2016

• Nahed Farhoud

Wastewater emerging from poultry technical slaughterhouses is characterized by its high degree of pollution in terms of organic content. This causes a rise in organic load disposed to wastewater treatment plants and thereby drooping efficiency. Effective and economical ways to treat such wastewater, based on reducing concentration of organic loads to appropriate level, preserves environs and reduces treatment costs for owners of industrial plants without augmenting investment costs. Aerobic Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) technology based on biofilm phenomenon is advocated in this research work.

30 - April - 2016

• Nahed Farhoud

Metaphor was linked in practices of many architecture trends. But it was introduced as an important concept in the literature of post Modern Architecture trends, which is concerned with communication and meaning issues in Architecture. The literature of post Modern Architecture exhibited an impression and that was, the particular relationship between metaphor and certain trends of this architecture. To explore this relation, it was applied to the results of trends which come after modern architecture, according to three main movements, which are: Late Modern architecture, post modern architecture and Neo modern architecture, these movements represent the responses of the architects and their reactions towards the matter of modern architecture. Then the data of the study was discussed and analyzed, reaching the final conclusions of the research. Which showed that Metaphor is a phenomenon that is present in trends which come after modern architecture.

24 - April - 2016

• Heaven Alsheekh Hamo

Metaphor is an important concept in architecture, that linked in practices of many architecture trends. Whether that was explicitly stated or implicitly. The subject of the research gains importance because of its relation to obvious controversy and conflict in the literature of many architecture studies, about the relation of modern architecture trends with metaphor. To explore this relation, it was applied to the modern architecture trends. that is done according to three periods: first period: it was between 1850-1914, which can be considered the period of the beginning of modern architecture. Such as, the Chicago school and Art nouveau. Second period: is the period between the two wars, 1919-1956. It includes, Expressionism, DE STIJL, Constructivism, Functionalism and Organic architecture trends. Third period: is between 1956-1970. It begins with the spread of Brutalism, and the ideas of Archigram and Metabolism Architects. Then the data of the study was discussed and analyzed, reaching the final conclusions of the research. Which showed that Metaphor is a phenomenon that is present in modern architecture trends.

23 - March - 2016

• Heaven Alsheekh Hamo

1 - February - 2016

• Mohamed Muhi Eddin

1 - January - 2016

• Ammar Enabi

31 - December - 2015

• Adeeb Araj

Was reached in this study to the best way to put traction engines and How distortions lines on the dynamic state of the locomotive on the Syrian railway lines and the effect of the length of the bars used was found through the accounts, the importance of moving to welded lines in the case of the use of the symptoms concrete multiple lines splints also been use Matlab program to find result sthat show the impact of all elements of the.

17 - November - 2015

• Mohamed Muhi Eddin

1 - March - 2015

• Ammar Enabi

31 - December - 2014

• Iyad Hilali

31 - December - 2014

• Iyad Hilali

إن الهدف الرئيس من هذا البحث هو استكشاف إمكانية معالجة ورفع مستوى مياه غسيل السيارات إلى مستوى مقبول يمكن معه إعادة تدويرها وإعادة استخدامها لنفس التطبيق. وبالتالي ، فإن النتيجة تقدم فوائد عديدة لسوريا ، بما في ذلك المحافظة على الموارد المائية وتقليل تلوث المياه . فضلاً عن مزايا اقتصادية تكون حافزا رئيسيا لتطور استصلاح المياه العادمة وإعادة تدويرها واستخدامها .

31 - August - 2014

• Nahed Farhoud

1 - February - 2014

• Riad Almustafa

31 - December - 2013

• Adeeb Araj

31 - December - 2013

• Iyad Hilali

it relies on detecting open-circuit and short-circuit faults in one of the single-phase bridge inverter transistors by extracting the distinctive features associated with each fault, where these features form the training base for the neural network.

11 - April - 2013

• Ola Ibrahim

1 - March - 2012

• Riad Almustafa

A Beowulf cluster has been built. The cluster contains five similar nodes working under fedora 11 OS. Algorithms of finding the shortest distance between two points that are used to solve (N²-1)-Puzzle have been studied for an initial test of the cluster.

31 - December - 2010

• Mouhamad Ayman NAAL

propose a new architecture for the computer network of the university. The proposed architecture permits a better exploitation of available computers and network resources and allows to avoid current network problems. A simulation of the proposed network architecture is accomplished to evaluate its performance.

31 - December - 2010

• Mouhamad Ayman NAAL

29 - May - 2010

• Riad Almustafa
• Mouhamad Ayman NAAL

1 - March - 2010

• Riad Almustafa

1 - March - 2010

• Riad Almustafa

Studying the electrical lighting and choosing the kind of lamps is one of the most important factors in the realization of a good lighting. So the extended efforts in lighting art are run to obtain an industrial light very similar to daylight and which can replace it. During studying lighting in any place, we must pay attention to the fact that lighting gives the studied place features according to lighting kind, because good lighting makes the study place more visual.

12 - January - 2010

• Riad Almustafa

In this research, a mathematical study was conducted on the equal lighting intervals used in Al-Hamdaniya Stadium, 15,000 spectators, comparing the actual situation with the permanent situation of autoplasmic lighting distribution, and finding the optimal and best lighting method for distributing lighting levels on the field, through the angle of inclination of the lighting device and the direction of the lamps within the lighting panel in each lamp corner of the stadium, and from that, changing the type used in the lighting.

12 - January - 2010

• Abir Aljarbouh

يتناول البحث ميزات الأهداف ذات المقطع الراداري الصغير وطرائق كشف هذه الأهداف ووضع خوارزمية من أجل اختيار نوع الإشارة المرسلة والتي تؤمن كشف هذه الأهداف. وقد أجريت المقارنة على أمثلة عددية باستخدام المحاكاة الحاسوبية باستخدام البيئة البرمجية Matlab .

31 - December - 2009

• Abd Albaset Haider

31 - December - 2009

• Iyad Hilali

The harmonics and their effects are considered as some of important modern engineering problems in electrical networks, and mostly its is accompanied with high negative economical reference in the industrial and general electrical networks, so an international universities and companies and research institutes are interested, at this time, for studying it and treating it.

19 - August - 2009

• Riad Almustafa

The effects of different specific resistance of passengers trains motion on the Tartous– Lattakia railway and their values calculations were studied. Some of the experimental coefficients used in the formulas of the specific resistance calculation of the Russian locomotive LDE2800 (ТЭ114) and passenger carriages were also checked (investigated. As a conclusion, it was found that there is a chance to increase between 14-25% in the pulling (tractive) mass and 5-15% in speed using the photocells

31 - December - 2008

• Mohamed Muhi Eddin

Investigation preserve on mam constant of the centrifugal force that affects the rolling stock and pronibit change suddenness in it's mam through passage rolling stock transitional curves on the railway

31 - December - 2008

• Mohamed Muhi Eddin

31 - December - 2008

• Iyad Hilali

The results of natural and computational experiments calculating blood flow parameters in the capillary blood vessel network were presented. First, the results of capillary blood vessel calculations up to high levels of branching were presented, which became possible thanks to the application of distributed computing technology. These modeling results are directed toward scientific research in medicine and biology, particularly in the field of "cardiovascular diseases

1 - March - 2008

• Hussein Al-Jassim

يتناول البحث طرائق الحصول على هوائي مصفوفة خطي بوريقات جانبية منخفضة من خلال تقييم مقارن لأداء الهوائي الموصوف من أجل عدة أشكال توزيع. لقد أجريت المقارنة على أمثلة عددية باستخدام المحاكاة الحاسوبية وقد تم الحصول على النتائج باستخدام البيئة البرمجية Matlab .

31 - December - 2007

• Abd Albaset Haider

Mathematical modeling is used in different science domains. By using it we can construct several mathematical models. Solving these models, mostly, depend on numerical approximate methods, and especially the case when these models are represented by the system of linear or nonlinear equations. To solve these equations we depend on generation solutions with repeated forms such as Gauss, Gauss. Zaidl, Fixed Point, Newton, and Broyden methods. Beginning from an elementary value, which is a chosen estimation, and on which we depend, we determine the speeding of the convergence and the accusation of the solution which we get by certain accuracy. Problem compute voltages in Aleppo city network nodes to return (to give bake) into solve system linear or nonlinear equations, we obtained these variable in nodes network by considering it to consist of load nodes, control nodes and only one reference node.

11 - April - 2007

• Riad Almustafa

This research describes the algorithms designed and the software developed as part of the doctoral thesis to provide the necessary guidance that assists the physician in making an accurate medical diagnosis of the patient's condition.

1 - March - 2007

• Hussein Al-Jassim

Mathematical modelling plays a fundamental role in all science domains. By using it, we can construct mathematical models of several problems. Solving these models, mostly, depends on approximate methods, and when these models are represented by system of linear or nonlinear equations, the most equations have no exact solution .It is necessary to search for approximate solution by using numerical method such as Gauss, Gauss.Zaidl, Fixed Point, Newton, and Broyden methods. Beginning from an elementary value, which is chosen by estimation, and depending upon it to determine the speed of convergence and accuracy of the solution which we get by a certain accuracy.

19 - August - 2006

• Riad Almustafa

This algorithm is based on expert procedures, and can be considered as consisting of two parts: *Part One:* In the first part, a set of criteria describing the patient's condition in the specified domain is formulated. From this pre-selected set (disease diagnosis, gender, age, ....), the criteria that, according to the specialist's opinion, should be considered in the future analysis are selected. They are then ranked according to their importance, taking into account the relationship between each two consecutive criteria (same importance or slightly more, more important, much more important). Based on these selected criteria, the numerical values of the coefficients f — which describe the patient's condition, the medical staff, and the means of treatment — are calculated using the folding method. *Part Two:* This is a modification of the first part, where we assume that the patient's condition is described by second-level indicators along with their corresponding numerical values, and by a health-status level with a specific value. By performing the folding operation on the numerical values of the indicators, we obtain a certain value, which is the patient's health-status level, at the precision predetermined according to the available material resources. The selection of the final set of second-level indicator values, and the values corresponding to the patient's status level, is made based on minimizing the material expenditure required to move from the given initial indicators to the other desired ones. The final decision on choosing the correction method is made by the physician.

1 - March - 2006

• Hussein Al-Jassim

Protection engineer is concerned with limiting the effects of disturbances in a power system, which if allowed to persist; many damage to plant and interrupt the supply of electric energy. These disturbances are described as three phase and single phase short circuits. In order that a fault study by using computer application can be successfully completed, the selection and application of the protective systems (relays, setting) have been carried out at SWEDIEH POWER PLANT AND SUBSTATION. This corresponds with the abnormal conditions and control circuit breakers so as to isolate the faulty section of that system in order to protect the electrical devices with SPEEDY, SELSCTIVITY, RELIABILITY COORDINATION and minimum interruption to service which is the main objective of this research.

23 - January - 2006

• Riad Almustafa

يتناول البحث مسألة تصميم حاذف الوريقات الجانبية باستخدام مصفوفة هوائيات خطية أحادية البعد. لقد تم استخدام المعالجة المتكيفة الجزئية للمصفوفة بغية تقليل الحمل الحسابي، حيث أن عدد هوائيات المصفوفة العملية قد تصل إلى عشرات الآلاف، والعمل في الزمن الحقيقي والكلفة المنخفضة والوزن الأقل. اعتمدت في العمل البيئة البرمجية Matlab .

31 - December - 2005

• Abd Albaset Haider

10 - November - 1991

• Riad Almustafa